However, an attacker using LFI may only include local files (not remote files like in the case of RFI). Local File Inclusion is very similar to Remote File Inclusion (RFI). If the application treats this input as trusted, a local file may be used in the include statement. Typically, LFI occurs when an application uses the path to a file as input. An LFI attack may lead to information disclosure, remote code execution, or even Cross-site Scripting (XSS). βAn attacker can use Local File Inclusion (LFI) to trick the web application into exposing or running files on the web server. This gives a good run down of what LFI is and how it can be used by attackers to gain valuable information. Since this box is called LFI (local file inclusion) lets head over to the LFI-attack section. Keeping in mind that port 22 requires a login and password, lets shift our attention to port 80. With that in mind we can focus on port 80 (http) and port 22 (ssh). The filtered state means that something, like a firewall, may be blocking the ports. We see that there are many ports, but only two are open. SC β Using scripts to check for vulnerabilities SV β Checking ports to determine service/version Pn β this is to tell nmap that the target being scanned is up and running, so do not worry about checking whether it is. For this write up I am checking with the usual default settings. Also remember it is good practice to check all ports with the -p- flag just in case. We will start with scanning for open ports and services on the target machine, and remember to store the results somewhere so we can come back to it. You can find the box at: Scanning and enumeration
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